Nutrition
Food is the single biggest daily decision you make for your pet. Get it right and you set the stage for energy, longevity and a glossy coat.
Reading pet food labels
- AAFCO statement — look for "complete and balanced" for the appropriate life stage.
- Named protein first — "chicken" beats "meat by-product meal".
- Guaranteed analysis — protein, fat, fibre and moisture percentages.
- Calorie content — kcal per cup helps with accurate portioning.
- Manufacturer transparency — reputable brands publish nutrient profiles and welcome questions.
Nutritional requirements
Different species, breeds and life stages have different needs.
- Dogs — omnivores; need quality protein, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.
- Cats — obligate carnivores; require taurine, vitamin A and arachidonic acid from animal sources.
- Puppies/kittens — higher protein and calorie density for growth.
- Seniors — moderated calories, joint-support nutrients, easily digestible protein.
Foods to avoid
Some everyday foods are toxic to pets:
- Chocolate, coffee, caffeine
- Grapes and raisins
- Onions, garlic, chives
- Xylitol (in sugar-free gum, baked goods)
- Alcohol and raw yeast dough
- Macadamia nuts (dogs); raw fish (cats — thiaminase)
- Cooked bones (splinter risk)
Feeding schedules
- Puppies under 6 months: 3–4 meals/day
- Adult dogs and cats: 2 meals/day
- Senior pets: 2 smaller meals, plus monitoring
Consistency matters — feed at the same times to support digestion and behaviour. Always transition to new foods gradually over 7–10 days to avoid GI upset.
When in doubt, consult your veterinarian — especially before starting raw diets, supplements or weight-loss programs.